Rethinking water management: From centralised to decentralised water supplyand sanitation models

Laia Domènech

doi:10.5565/rev/dag.280

Repensant la gestió de l’aigua: D’un model centralitzat a un model descentralitzat de subministrament d’aigua i sanejament

Autors/ores

Laia Domènech Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals. Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

PDF (EN)

Resum

Des de la segona meitat del segle xix, els sistemes centralitzats d’aigua i sanejament s’han anat expandint arreu del món. No obstant això, les limitacions d’aquest model són cada vegada més evidents i per això, en els últims anys, ha començat a créixer un interès renovat pel model descentralitzat de subministrament d’aigua i sanejament, ja que aquests darrers sistemes permeten augmentar la seguretat hídrica i minimitzar la degradació ambiental. Aquest article analitza principalment dos sistemes descentralitzats que poden ser instal·lats a nivell domèstic: els sistemes de captació d’aigües pluvials i els sistemes de reutilització d’aigües grises. L’objectiu principal d’aquest article és analitzar les característiques distintives més importants dels sistemes descentralitzats i els requeriments necessaris per assolir una transició amb èxit cap a un model descentralitzat de gestió de l’aigua.

Paraules clau

gestió de l’aigua, models alternatius, captació d’aigües pluvials, reutilització d’aigües grises, model urbà.

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