Educational constraints of immobility? Examining ethnic differences in student migration in Britain using Census microdata

Nissa Finney

doi:10.5565/rev/dag.235

¿La inmovilidad impone restricciones a la educación? Examen de las diferencias étnicas en la movilidad de los estudiantes de Gran Bretaña a través de microdatos censales

Autores/as

Nissa Finney University of Manchester The Cathie Marsh Centre for Census and Survey Research (CCSR)

PDF (EN)

Resumen

Este artículo se sitúa dentro de la emergente bibliografía sobre las migraciones internas de las minorías inmigrantes, que ha crecido a partir del interés sobre la dinámica poblacional existente tras la segregación étnica residencial. El trabajo realizado ha puesto de manifiesto que la migración dentro de Gran Bretaña permite que se produzcan mezclas entre etnias y que existen considerables diferencias étnicas en los niveles de movilidad residencial y en sus patrones territoriales. Este artículo contribuye a entender dichas diferencias a través del examen de la relación entre ser estudiante y la movilidad residencial para diferentes etnias. En él se sugiere que distintas decisiones residenciales y pautas migratorias de acceso a la universidad explicarían en parte las diferencias étnicas de movilidad. A través de microdatos censales (muestra anónima de datos) de 2001, se llega a la conclusión de que los estudiantes de las minorías étnicas son menos móviles que sus homólogos blancos. Ser estudiante incrementa la probabilidad de emigrar, tanto de los jóvenes británicos blancos, como de los jóvenes chinos, pero disminuye la de los negros africanos y la de los pakistaníes, especialmente la de las mujeres de esta última etnia. El hecho que en Gran Bretaña normalmente se migre lejos del hogar familiar para ir a la universidad cuestionaría la igualdad en el acceso a la educación superior. Relacionar la movilidad y ciertos acontecimientos clave en la vida de jóvenes adultos permite que los debates sobre geografías étnicas puedan ir más allá de la preocupación por la segregación. El artículo concluye planteando retos para futuras investigaciones y con un debate sobre las implicaciones de los resultados sobre las políticas en el contexto de los cambios que en la actualidad sufre la financiación de la educación superior en el Reino Unido.

Palabras clave

migración interna, grupo étnico, estudiante, curso de vida, microdatos censales, Gran Bretaña.

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