Un enfoque evolucionista del transporte aéreo: coevolución del mercado, la tecnología y las instituciones
Resumen
Este artículo se centra en las dinámicas existentes en la industria del transporte aéreo. Utilizando como marco teórico la geografía económica evolucionista, analizamos la coevolución entre el mercado (ambiente selectivo), el conocimiento y el equipo aeronáutico (tecnología) y las políticas públicas de transporte aéreo (instituciones). El foco de nuestro análisis se centra en los factores que afectan a la formación de la red y la selección de enlaces. Los resultados muestran que el transporte aéreo tiene una alta dependencia de la trayectoria anterior, aunque al mismo tiempo demuestra una alta incertidumbre a causa de factores externos. También se ha confirmado la existencia de procesos de coevolución entre el ambiente selectivo del mercado, la tecnología y las decisiones institucionales. Estas últimas demuestran ser claves, ya que la evolución del transporte aéreo solo puede entenderse en el contexto de un ambiente de regulación mixta que proporciona diferentes niveles de libertad para la formación de redes.Palabras clave
transporte aéreo, geografía económica, redes, dependencia de la trayectoria anteriorCitas
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