Geografía de la banca y las instituciones financieras de microcréditos alrededor de las empresas rurales en Bangladesh

Autores/as

  • Azim Uddin Mahmud Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, PhD student in Geography
  • Antoni F. Tulla Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Geography Department

Resumen

En este artículo se pretende explicar las dificultades de las empresas y explotaciones agrarias en áreas remotas de Bangladesh para acceder a los créditos que precisan para llevar a cabo su actividad económica. La localización de los bancos en áreas rurales remotas de Bangladesh sigue básicamente la misma distribución de los centros administrativos. Durante la década de los años setenta del siglo xx empezó a incidir la figura de la «institución financiera de microfinanzas» (MFI), basada en organizaciones no gubernamentales (ONG) y con intención de establecerse en las áreas rurales no muy lejos de los centros administrativos y de los mercados rurales. Los bancos evitaron en su mayor parte las empresas rurales, ya que tenían limitaciones en el diseño de sus productos (crédito y ahorros). En este mercado sin explotar, las MFI crecieron a través de su situación más accesible y con el diseño de productos financieros más adecuados para abastecer a las empresas y las familias de bajos ingresos. Sin embargo, las MFI han tenido que enfrentarse a problemas legales para poder participar en los depósitos públicos de ahorros. El incremento del crédito concedido por las MFI no ha sido muy satisfactorio debido tanto a la política de concesión de créditos de las instituciones financieras como a la incapacidad del actual grupo de clientes de microcréditos para devolver los préstamos. Por lo tanto, es importante explorar qué entidad (banco o MFI) tiene una distribución espacial y unas buenas prácticas que favorezcan las necesidades de la empresa rural.

Palabras clave

microfinanzas, localización de bancos y MFI, finanzas rurales, geografía aplicada, Bangladesh

Citas

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Biografía del autor/a

Azim Uddin Mahmud, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, PhD student in Geography

PhD student,Department of geography, uab

Publicado

19-05-2015

Cómo citar

Mahmud, A. U., & Tulla, A. F. (2015). Geografía de la banca y las instituciones financieras de microcréditos alrededor de las empresas rurales en Bangladesh. Documents d’Anàlisi Geogràfica, 61(2), 325–350. https://doi.org/10.5565/rev/dag.113

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