El papel del incremento del cultivo de cánnabis (Cannabis sativa) como fuerza motriz de los cambios de usos y cubiertas del suelo (LUCC) en el alto valle del río Laou (norte de Marruecos)
Resumen
La población de las montañas del Rif en Marruecos depende mayoritariamente del cultivo del cánnabis para su sustento. Este estudio presenta el papel de este cultivo en los cambios en el paisaje en la cuenca alta del río Laou durante el periodo 1985-2019. El análisis se ha desarrollado usando datos Landsat. Los resultados indican que el cultivo de cánnabis ha contribuido a acelerar el proceso de LUCC y ha provocado que la mayoría de bosques hayan sido significativamente transformados en zonas de cultivo. El incremento de la presión de las tierras agrícolas, especialmente después de las innovaciones en la agricultura y el cultivo de nuevas variedades híbridas de cánnabis, ha tenido serias consecuencias en el medio ambiente, la economía y la sociedad. Esto se ha puesto de relieve en una explotación intensiva del agua y, como resultado, diversas áreas en la actualidad no disponen de acceso al agua para el consumo humano o el regadío. Así pues, para reducir los riesgos derivados de este tipo de transformaciones, la práctica de una agricultura diversificada y sostenible debe ser recuperada tal como había sido previamente.
Palabras clave
Cannabis sativa, LUCC, paisaje, cuenca del río Laou, montañas del Rif, SIGCitas
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Derechos de autor 2023 Mustapha Hmamou, Josep Vila-Subirós, Noureddine Chikhi, Abdelaziz Boulifa, Mohamed EL Abdellaoui
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