Geografia de la banca i les institucions financeres de microcrèdits entorn de les empreses rurals a Bangla Desh
Resum
En aquest article es pretén explicar les dificultats de les empreses i explotacions agràries en àrees remotes de Bangla Desh per accedir als crèdits que necessiten per dur a terme la seva activitat econòmica. La localització dels bancs en àrees rurals remotes de Bangla Desh mostra la mateixa distribució dels centres administratius. A la dècada dels anys setanta del segle xx va començar a aparèixer la figura de la «institució financera de microfinances» (MFI), basada en les organitzacions no governamentals (ONG) i amb intenció d’establir-se a prop dels centres administratius i dels mercats rurals. Els bancs van evitar majoritàriament les empreses rurals a causa de les limitacions que tenien en el disseny dels seus productes (crèdit i estalvi). En aquest mercat sense explotar, les MFI van créixer per la seva actitud més accessible i pel disseny de productes financers més adequats per aprovisionar les empreses i les famílies amb ingressos baixos. Tanmateix, les MFI han hagut de fer front a problemes legals per poder participar en els dipòsits públics d’estalvi. L’increment del crèdit concedit per les MFI no ha estat gaire satisfactori a causa tant de la política de concessió de crèdits de les institucions com de la incapacitat de l’actual grup de clients de microcrèdits per tornar els préstecs. Per tant, és important explorar quina entitat (banc o MFI) mostra una distribució espacial i unes bones pràctiques que afavoreixi les necessitats de l’empresa rural.Paraules clau
microfinances, localització de bancs i MFI, finances rurals, geografia aplicada, Bangla DeshReferències
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Drets d'autor (c) 2015 Azim Uddin Mahmud, Antoni F. Tulla
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