Entre la multifuncionalitat i la legitimitat social de l’agricultura: un estat de la qüestió

Sandra Ricart Casadevall

doi:10.5565/rev/dag.273

Between the multifunctionality and the social legitimacy of agriculture: An overview

Authors

Sandra Ricart Casadevall Universitat de Girona

PDF (CA)

Abstract

Over the past few decades, scientific attention and social mobilization regarding the role of agriculture in the use and management of the commons has gradually intensified. In this context, the multifunctionality of agriculture is increasingly considered as an approach able to integrate the productive function of agriculture with its environmental, heritage and landscape functions. This article aims to deepen the existing debate about the multifunctionality of agriculture and its social legitimacy as a mechanism for territorial management of the commons. For this purpose, we first conduct a review of the scientific literature and, secondly, use Eurobarometer reports to analyze the existing links between multifunctionality, sustainability of agriculture and its social legitimacy.

Keywords

agriculture, multifunctionality, society, Eurobarometer, Europe

References

ANDERSSON, Kjell; EKLUND, Erland i LEHTOLA, Minna (2009). «Farmers, Businessmen or Green Entrepreneurs? Producers of New Rural Goods and Services in Rural Areas Under Urban Pressure». Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 11 (1), 29-43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15239080902774960

ARGENT, Neil (2002). «From pillar to post? In search of the postproductivist countryside in Australia». Australian Geographer, 33, 97-114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00049180220125033

AUMAND, Anthony; BARTHÉLÉMY, Denis; CARON, Patrick i LE COTTY, Tristan (2005). «Multifunctional agriculture in perspective: Conceptualisations and debate in French policy and research». Ekonomia, 367 (4), 11-18.

AZNAR, Olivier i PERRIER-CORNET, Philippe (2003). «Les services environnementaux dans les espaces ruraux». Économie Rurale, 273-274, 153-167.

BARNES, Andrew P.; WILLOCK, John; TOMA, Lewis i HALL, Caroline (2011). «Utilising a farmer typology to understand farmer behaviour towards water quality management: nitrate vulnerable zones in Scotland». Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 54 (4), 477-494. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640568.2010.515880

BARTHÉLEMY, Denis i NIEDDU, Martino (2004). «La multifonctionnalité: un débat sur les productions jointes ou sur l’opposition biens marchandes – biens identitaires? Orientations de recherche». Les Cahiers de la Multifonctionnalité, 4, 82-96.

BJORKHAUG, Hilde i RICHARDS, Carol Ann (2008). «Multifunctional agriculture in policy and practice? A comparative analysis of Norway and Australia». Journal of Rural Studies, 24, 98-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.06.003

BLACKSTOCK, Kirsty; INGRAM, John; BURTON, Rob; MILLS, John; BROWN, Katrina i SLEE, Bill (2010). «Understanding and influencing behaviour change by farmers to improve water quality». The Science of the Total Environment, 408, 5631-5638. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.04.029

BONNAL, Philippe; LOSCH, Bruno; BOSC, Pierre-Marie, i DÍAZ, José (2004). «Multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture et nouvelle ruralité: une mise en perspective sur deux démarches de refondation des politiques publiques». Les Cahiers de la Multifonctionnalité, 4, 61-81.

BRUNSTAD, Rolf J.; GAASLAND, Ivar i VARDAL, Erling (2005). «Multifunctionality of agriculture: an inquiry into the complementary between landscape preservation and food security». European Review of Agricultural Economics, 32 (4), 469-488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbi028

BRUSSAARD, Lijbert; CARON, Patrick; CAMPBELL, Bruce; LIPPER, Leslie; MAINKA, Susan; RABBINGE, Ruddy; BABIN, Didier i PULLEMAN, Mirjam (2010). «Reconciling biodiversity conservation and food security: scientific challenges for a new agriculture». Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 2, 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2010.03.007

BURRELL, Alison (2003). «Multifonctionnalité, considérations non commerciales au Cycle de Doha». Économie Rurale, 273-274, 13-29.

BURTON, Rob J. F. (2004). «Seeing through the ‘good farmer’s’ eyes: towards developing an understanding of the social symbolic value of ‘productivist’ behaviour». Sociologia Ruralis, 44, 195-215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2004.00270.x

BUTTOUD, Gérard (2001). «Multipurpose management of mountain forests: which approaches?». Forest Policy and Economics, 4 (2), 83-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1389-9341(02)00008-4

BUYSSE, Jeroen; VAN HUYLENBROECK, Guido; i LAUWERS, Ludwig (2007). «Normative, positive and econometric mathematical programming as tools for incorporation of multifunctionality in agricultural policy modelling». Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 120, 70-81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2006.03.035

CAIROL, Dominique; COUDEL, Emilie; KNICKEL, Karlheinz; CARON, Patrick i KRÖGER, Melanie (2009). «Multifunctionality of agriculture and rural areas as reflected in policies: The importance and relevance of the territorial view». Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 11 (4), 269-289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15239080903033846

CLARK, John; JONES, Allan; POTTER, Clive i LOBLEY, Mark (1997). «Conceptualising the evolution of the European Union’s agri-environmental policy: a discourse approach». Environment and Planning A, 29, 1869-1885.

COCKLIN, Chris; DIBDEN, Jacqui i MAUTNER, Naomi (2006). «From market to multifunctionality? Land stewardship in Australia». The Geographic Journal, 172 (3), 197-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2006.00206.x

CURRY, Nigel i WINTER, Michael (2000). «European briefing. The transition to environmental agriculture in Europe: learning processes and knowledge networks». European Planning Studies, 8 (1), 107-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096543100110956

DEL MORAL, Leandro (2010). «Uso, gestión y valores patrimoniales del agua». A: PILLET, Félix; CAÑIZARES, Mª del Carmen i RUIZ, Ángel (eds.). Territorio, paisaje y sostenibilidad: un mundo cambiante. Barcelona: El Serbal, 179-192.

DERAEVE, Emmanuelle i PECH, Michel (2004). «Les politiques agricoles de la période 1990-2000: multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture sur le territoire des marais du Cotentin et du Bessin». Structures Agricoles, 13, 28-41.

DOBBS, Thomas L. i PRETTY, Jules N. (2004). «Agri-Environmental stewardship schemes and “multifunctionality”». Review of Agricultural Economics, 26 (2), 220-237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9353.2004.00172.x

DUFOUR, Annie; MAUZ, Isabelle; RÉMY, Jacques; BERNARD, Christian; DOBREMEZ, Laurent; HAVEL, Alain; PAUTHENET, Yves; PLUVINAGE, Jacques i TCHAKÉRIAN, Edmond (2007). «Multifunctionality in agriculture and its agents: Regional comparisons». Sociologia Ruralis, 47 (4), 316-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9523.2007.00444.x

DURAND, Gils i VAN HUYLENBROECK, Guido (2003). «Multifunctional and rural development: a general framework». A: VAN HUYLENBROECK, Guido i DURAND, Gils. (eds.). Multifunctional Agriculture. A New Paradigm for European Agriculture and Rural Development. Aldershot: Ashgate Publishing, 1-16.

EVANS, Nick; MORRIS, Carol i WINTER, Michael (2002). «Conceptualizing agriculture: a critique of postproductivism as the new orthodoxy». Progress in Human Geography, 26 (3), 313-332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0309132502ph372ra

FALKENMARK, Malin; FINLAYSON, Max i GORDON, Line J. (coords.) (2007). «Agriculture, water and ecosystems: avoiding the costs of going too far». A: MOLDEN, David (ed.). Water for Food, Water for Life: A Comprehensive Assessment of Water Management in Agriculture. Londres i Colombo: Earthscan and International Water Management Institute, 233-277.

FARMAR-BOWERS, Quentin i LANE, Ruth (2009). «Understanding farmers’ strategic decisionmaking processes and the implications for biodiversity conservation policy». Journal of Environmental Management, 90, 1135-1144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2008.05.002

FLESKENS, Luuk; DUARTE, Filomena i EICHER, Irmgard (2009). «A conceptual framework for the assessment of multiple functions of agro-ecosystems: A case study of Trás-os-Montes olive groves». Journal of Rural Studies, 25, 144-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2008.08.003

FULLER, Anthony M. (1990). «From part-time farming to pluriactivity: A decade of change in rural Europe». Journal of Rural Studies, 6 (4), 361-373. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(90)90049-E

GARROD, Brian; WORNELL, Roz i YOUELL, Ray (2006). «Re-conceptualising rural resources as countryside capital: The case of rural tourism». Journal of Rural Studies, 22, 177-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.08.001

GORMAN, Monica; MANNION, Joe; KINSELLA; Jim i BOGUE, Pat (2001). «Connecting environmental management and farm household livelihoods: The rural environment protection scheme in Ireland». Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning, 3 (2), 137-147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jepp.76

GREINER, Romy; PATTERSON, Louisa i MILLER, Owen (2009). «Motivations, risk perceptions and adoption of conservation practices by farmers». Agricultural Systems, 99, 86-104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2008.10.003

GUYOMARD, Herve; BUTAULT, Jean-Pierre i LE MOUËL, Chantal (2004). «Soutien interne, fonctions non-marchandes et multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture». Cahiers de la Multifonctionnalité, 4, 9-24.

HALFACREE, Keith (1997). «Contrasting roles for the postproductivist countryside: a postmodern perspective on counterurbanisation». A: CLOKE, Paul i LITTLE, John (eds.). Contested countryside cultures: otherness, marginalisation and rurality. Londres: Routledge, 70-93.

HALL, Clare; MCVITTIE, Alistair i MORAN, Dominic (2004). «What does the public want from agricultura and the countryside? A review of evidence and methods». Journal of Rural Studies, 20, 211-225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2003.08.004

HAVLÍK, Petr; VEYSSET, Patrick; BOISSON, Jean-Marie; LHERM, Michel i JACQUET, Florence (2005). «Joint production under uncertainty and multifunctionality of agriculture: Policy considerations and applied analysis». European Review of Agricultural Economics, 32 (4), 489-515. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbi027

HOLLANDER, Gail M. (2004). «Agricultural trade liberalization, multifunctionality, and sugar in the south Florida landscape». Geoforum, 35, 299-312.

HOLMES, John (2002). «Diversity and change in Australia’s rangelands: a postproductivist transition with a difference?». Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 27, 362-384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-5661.00059

— (2006). «Impulses towards a multifunctional transition in rural Australia: gaps in the research agenda». Journal of Rural Studies, 22 (2), 142-160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2005.08.006

HORLING, Lummina i MARSDEN, Terry (2011). «Towards the real green revolution? Exploring the conceptual dimensions of a new ecological modernisation of agricultura that could ‘feed the world’». Global Environmental Change, 21, 441-452. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.01.004

ILBERY, Brian i BOWLER, Ian (1998). «From agricultural productivisme to postproductivism». A: ILBERY, Brian. The geography of rural change. Harlow: Longman, 57-84.

KALLAS, Zein; GÓMEZ-LIMÓN, José Antonio i ARRIAZA, Manuel (2007). «Are citizens willing to pay for agricultural multifunctionality?». Agricultural Economics, 36 (3), 405-419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2007.00216.x

KNICKEL, Karlheinz; RENTING, Henk i VAN DER PLOEG, Jan Downe (2004). «Multifunctionality in European agriculture». A: BROUWER, Floor (ed.). Sustaining agriculture and the rural economy: governance, policy and multifunctionality. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, 81-103.

LE COTTY, Tristan; VOITURIEZ, Tancrêde i AUMAND, Anthony (2003). «Multifonctionnalité et coopération internationale: une analyse du coût de fourniture de biens publics par l’agriculture». Économie Rurale, 273-274, 91-102.

MARSDEN, Terry (1990). «Towards the political economy of pluriactivity». Journal of Rural Studies, 6 (4), 375-382. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0743-0167(90)90050-I

— (2003). The Condition of Rural Sustainability. Assen (NH): Van Gorcum.

MARSDEN, Terry i SONNINO, Roberta (2008). «Rural development and the regional State: denying multifuncitional agriculture in UK». Journal of Rural Studies, 24, 422-431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2008.04.001

MARSDEN, Terry; MURDOCH, Jonathon; LOWE, Philip; MUNTON, Richard C. i FLYNN, Andrew (1992). Constructing the countryside. Londres: UCL Press.

MATA, Rafael (2008). «El paisaje, patrimonio y recurso para el desarrollo territorial sostenible. Conocimiento y acción pública». ARBOR, Ciencia, Pensamiento y Cultura, 729, 155-172.

MCMICHAEL, Philip (2011). «Food system sustainability: Questions of environmental governance in the new world (dis)order». Global Environmental Change, 21, 804-812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2011.03.016

MORGAN, Selyf Ll.; MARSDEN, Terry; MIELE, Mara i MORLEY, Adrian (2010). «Agricultural multifunctionality and farmers’ entrepeneurial skills: A study of Tuscan and Welsh farmers». Journal of Rural Studies, 26, 116-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2009.09.002

MORRIS, Carol i WINTER, Michael (1999). «Integrated farming systems: the third way for European agriculture?». Land Use Policy, 16, 193-205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0264-8377(99)00020-4

MOYANO, Eduardo i GARRIDO, Fernando E. (2007). «La multifuncionalidad agraria y territorial. Discursos y políticas sobre agricultura y desarrollo rural». A: GÓMEZ-LIMÓN, José Antonio (coord.). La multifuncionalidad de la agricultura en España: concepto, aspectos horizontales, cuantificación y casos prácticos. Madrid: Eumedia, 59-75.

NILSSON, Per Ake (2002). «Staying on farms. An ideological background». Annals of Tourism Research, 29 (1), 7-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(00)00081-5

OECD (2001). Multifunctionality. Towards an analytical framework. París: OECD.

ÖZEROL, Gül; BRESSERS, Hans i COENEN, Frans (2012). «Irrigated agriculture and environmental sustainability: an alignment perspective». Environmental Science & Policy, 23, 57-67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.015

PACINI, Cesare; WOSSINK, Ada; GIESEN, Gerard; VAZZANA, Concetta i HUIRNE, Ruud (2003). «Evaluation of sustainability of organic, integrated and conventional farming systems: a farm and field-scale analysis». Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 95 (1), 273-288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0167-8809(02)00091-9

PERRAUD, Daniel (2003). «Les ambiguïtés de la multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture». Économie Rurale, 273-274, 45-60.

PETERSON, Jeffrey M.; BOISVERT, Richard N. i de GORTER, Harry (2002). «Environmental policies for a multifunctional agricultural sector in open economies». European Review of Agricultural Economics, 29 (4), 423-443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurrag/29.4.423

PIVOT, Jean-Marie; CARON, Patrick i BONNAL, Philippe (2003). «Coordinations locales, actions collectives, territoires et multifonctionnalité de l’agriculture: éclairages et perspectives». Les Cahiers de la Multifonctionnalité, 3, 33-52.

POTTER, Clive i BURNEY, Jonathan (2002). «Agricultural multifunctionality in the WTO – legitimate non-trade concern or disguised protectionism?». Journal of Rural Studies, 18 (1), 35-47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(01)00031-6

POTTER, Clive i TILZEY, Mark (2005). «Agricultural policy discourses in the European postFordist transition: neoliberalism, neomercantilism and multifunctionality». Progress in Human Geography, 29 (5), 581-600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1191/0309132505ph569oa

— (2007). «Agricultural multifunctionality, environmental sustainability and the WTO: resistance or accommodation to the neoliberal project for agriculture?». Geoforum, 38, 1290-1303.

PRETTY, Jules; BRETT, Craig; GEE, David; HINE, Rachel; MASON, Chris; MORISON, James; RAYMENT, Matthew; VAN DER BIJL, Gert i DOBBS, Thomas (2001). «Policy challenges and priorities for internalizing the externalities of modern agricultura». Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 44 (2), 263-283. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560123782

RANDALL, Alan (2002). «Valuing the outputs of multifunctional agriculture». European Review of Agricultural Economics, 29 (3), 289-307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurrag/29.3.289

RAYMOND, Richard (2003). «La concertation sur l’espace cultivé et la nature dans le Vexin français». Économie Rurale, 273-274, 169-183.

REIG, Ernest (2002). «La multifuncionalidad del mundo rural». Información Comercial Española, 803, 33-44.

RENTING, Henk; MARSDEN, Terry K. i BANKS, Jo (2003). «Understanding alternative food networks: exploring the role of short food supply chains in rural development». Environment and Planning A, 35 (3), 393-411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a3510

RENTING, Henk; OOSTINDIE, Henk; LAURENT, Catherine; BRUNORI, Gianluca; BARJOLLE, Dominique; JERVELL, Anne M; GRANBERG, Leo i HEINONEN, Maarit (2008). «Multifunctionality of agricultural activities, changing rural identities and new institutional arrangements». International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 7(4/5), 361-385. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJARGE.2008.020083

ROBERTSON, G. Phillip i SWINTON, Scott M. (2005). «Reconciling agricultural productivity and environmental integrity: a grand challenge for agriculture». Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 3, 38-46.

ROCKSTRÖM, Johan; KARLBERG, Louise; WANI, Suhas P.; BARRON, Jennie; HATIBU, Nuhu; OWEIS, Theib; BRUGGEMAN, Adriana; FARAHANI, Jalali i QIANG, Zhu (2010). «Managing water in rainfed agriculture – The need for a paradigm shift». Agricultural Water Management, 97, 543-550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.09.009

ROOIJ, Sabine de; VENTURA, Flaminia; MILONE, Pierluigi i VAN DER PLOEG, Jan Downe (2013). «Sustaining food production through multifunctionality: The dynamics of large farms in Italy». Sociologia Ruralis, 54 (3), 303-320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/soru.12025

RUTO, Eric i GARROD, Guy (2009). «Investigating farmers’ preferences for the design of agrienvironment schemes: a choice experiment approach». Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 52, 631-647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09640560902958172

SUMELIUS, John i BÄCKMAN, Sally (2008). «Review of studies on the establishment and management of policies for multifunctionality». International Journal of Agricultural Resources, Governance and Ecology, 7, 386-398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/IJARGE.2008.020085

TILMAN, David; CASSMAN, Kenneth G.; MATSON, Pamela A.; NAYLOR, Rosamond i POLASKY, Stephen (2002). «Agricultural sustainability and intensive production practices». Nature, 418, 671-677. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature01014

TURRAL, Hugh; SVENDSEN, Mark i FAURES, Jean Marc (2010). «Investing in irrigation: Reviewing the past and looking the future». Agricultural Water Management, 97, 551-560. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2009.07.012

VAN DER PLOEG, Jan Downe i ROEP, Dennis (2003). «Multifunctionality and rural development: the actual situation in Europe». A: VAN HUYLENBROECK, Guido i DURAND, Guy. Multifunctional agricultura. A new paradigm for European agricultura and rural development. Hampshire: Aldershot, 37-54.

VAN HUYLENBROECK, Guido; VANDERMEULEN, Valerie; METTEPENINGEN, Evy i VERSPECHT, Ann (2007). «Multifunctionality of Agriculture: A Review of Definitions, Evidence and Instruments». Living Reviews in Landscape Research, 1 (3). http://dx.doi.org/10.12942/lrlr-2007-3

VASSALOS, Michael; DILLON, Carl R.; FRESHWATER, David i KARANIKOLAS, Pavlos (2010). «Modelling multifunctionality of agriculture at a farm-level: the case of Kerkini District, Northern Greece». APSTRACT: Applied Studies in Agribusiness and Commerce, 4 (3-4), 59-64.

WALFORD, Nigel (2003). «Productivism is allegedly dead, long live productivism. Evidence of continued productivist attitudes and decision making in South-East England». Journal of Rural Studies, 19 (4), 491-502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0743-0167(03)00030-5

WILSON, Geoff A. (2001). «From productivism to postproductivism… and back again? Exploring the (un)changed natural and mental landscapes of European agriculture». Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 26 (1), 77-102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-5661.00007

— (2004). «The Australian Landcare movement: towards ‘postproductivist’ rural governance?». Journal of Rural Studies, 20 (4), 461-484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2004.03.002

— (2007). Multifunctional Agriculture: A Transition Theory Perspective. Oxfordshire (UK): CABI.

— (2008). «From ‘weak’ to ‘strong’ multifunctionality: Conceptualising farm-level multifunctional transitional pathways». Journal of Rural Studies, 24, 367-383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.12.010

WITTMAN, Hannah (2009). «Reworking the metabolic rift: La Vía Campesina, agrarian citizenship and food sovereignty». The Journal of Peasant Studies, 36 (4), 805-826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03066150903353991

ZHANG, Yaoqi i Li, YIQING (2005). «Valuing or pricing natural and environmental resources?». Environmental Science & Policy, 8 (2), 179-186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2004.09.005