Distribución geográfica y efectos de Airbnb en zonas rurales y de montaña: caso de estudio de las marcas turísticas Pirineus y Val d’Aran
Resumen
Airbnb se ha convertido en la plataforma de alquiler turístico a corto plazo más importante del mundo. Si bien sus efectos han sido ampliamente analizados en zonas urbanas y centros históricos, poca atención se ha prestado a zonas rurales de interior y de montaña. El objetivo principal de este estudio es contribuir a la escasa literatura sobre los efectos de Airbnb en zonas rurales. Específicamente, su distribución espacial, naturaleza y tipología, su relación con la oferta turística y el impacto socioeconómico ejercido en el mercado de alquiler. Para ello se utilizaron análisis estadísticos de correlación de Pearson y modelos de regresión lineal múltiples. Los resultados obtenidos muestran la profesionalización de Airbnb, su concentración en zonas con una oferta turística existente y un importante parque de viviendas secundarias y vacías, además de un efecto de incremento de precios en el mercado de alquiler.
Palabras clave
Airbnb, áreas rurales, turismo, mercado de alquiler, Pirineus, Val d’AranCitas
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